Smooth or analytic manifold… to Sphere
ClassSmooth or analytic manifold (with boundary and corners)#
Typeclass defining manifolds with respect to a model with corners, over a
field 𝕜. This definition includes the model with corners I (which might allow boundary, corners,
or not, so this class covers both manifolds with boundary and manifolds without boundary), and
a smoothness parameter n : ℕ∞ω (where n = 0 means topological manifold, n = ∞ means
smooth manifold and n = ω means analytic manifold).
IsManifold.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E : Type u_2}
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (n : WithTop ℕ∞) (M : Type u_4) [TopologicalSpace M]
[ChartedSpace H M] : Prop
Sources
Uses 7 · Used by 11
DefinitionSmooth map between manifolds#
ContMDiff I I' n f indicates that the function f : M → M' between manifolds
is n times continuously differentiable.
f is n times continuously differentiable if it is continuous and, for any pair of points,
it is n times continuously differentiable in the charts around these points.
The parameter n belongs to ℕ∞ω (accessible in the ContDiff scope), i.e. it can be a natural
number, ∞, or ω, where C^ω corresponds to analytic functions.
ContMDiff.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4, u_5, u_6, u_7} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) {M : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
{E' : Type u_5} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E'] {H' : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace H']
(I' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E' H') {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H' M']
(n : WithTop ℕ∞) (f : M → M') : Prop
Sources
Uses 6 · Used by 9
DefinitionSmooth immersion#
f : M → N is a C^n immersion if around each point x ∈ M,
there are charts φ and ψ of M and N around x and f x, respectively
such that in these charts, f looks like u ↦ (u, 0).
Implicit in this definition is an abstract choice F of a complement of E in E':
being an immersion includes a choice of linear isomorphism between E × F and E', which is where
the choice of F enters. If you need stronger control over the complement F,
use IsImmersionOfComplement instead.
Note that our global choice of complement is a bit stronger than asking f to be an immersion at
each x ∈ M w.r.t. potentially varying complements: see isImmersionAt for details.
Manifold.IsImmersion.{u, u_1, u_2, u_7, u_9, u_11, u_13} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} {E'' : Type u} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] [NormedAddCommGroup E'']
[NormedSpace 𝕜 E''] {H : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace H] {G : Type u_9} [TopologicalSpace G]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (J : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E'' G) {M : Type u_11} [TopologicalSpace M]
[ChartedSpace H M] {N : Type u_13} [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace G N] (n : WithTop ℕ∞)
(f : M → N) : Prop
Sources
Uses 8 · Used by 1
StructureSmooth embedding#
A C^n map f : M → M' is a smooth C^n embedding if it is a topological embedding
and a C^n immersion.
Manifold.IsSmoothEmbedding.{u_1, u_2, u_4, u_6, u_8, u_10, u_12} {𝕜 : Type u_1}
[NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E₁ : Type u_2} {E₃ : Type u_4} [NormedAddCommGroup E₁]
[NormedSpace 𝕜 E₁] [NormedAddCommGroup E₃] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E₃] {H : Type u_6} {G : Type u_8}
[TopologicalSpace H] [TopologicalSpace G] (I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E₁ H)
(J : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E₃ G) {M : Type u_10} {N : Type u_12} [TopologicalSpace M]
[ChartedSpace H M] [TopologicalSpace N] [ChartedSpace G N] (n : WithTop ℕ∞) (f : M → N) : Prop
Sources
Uses 2
TheoremProduct of manifolds#
The product of two C^n manifolds is naturally a C^n manifold.
IsManifold.prod.{u_5, u_6, u_7, u_8, u_9, u_10, u_11} {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {𝕜 : Type u_5}
[NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E : Type u_6} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E]
{E' : Type u_7} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E'] {H : Type u_8} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H} {H' : Type u_9} [TopologicalSpace H'] {I' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E' H'}
(M : Type u_10) [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] [IsManifold I n M] (M' : Type u_11)
[TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H' M'] [IsManifold I' n M'] :
IsManifold (I.prod I') n (M × M')
Sources
Uses 2
TheoremDisjoint union of manifolds#
The disjoint union of two C^n manifolds modelled on (E, H)
is a C^n manifold modelled on (E, H).
IsManifold.disjointUnion.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4, u_5} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H} {n : WithTop ℕ∞} {M : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace M]
[ChartedSpace H M] {M' : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H M']
[hM : IsManifold I n M] [hM' : IsManifold I n M'] : IsManifold I n (M ⊕ M')
Sources
Uses 2
DefinitionInterior of a manifold#
The interior of a manifold M is the set of its interior points.
ModelWithCorners.interior.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H} (M : Type u_4) [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] : Set M
Sources
Uses 5
DefinitionBoundary of a manifold#
The boundary of a manifold M is the set of its boundary points.
ModelWithCorners.boundary.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H} (M : Type u_4) [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] : Set M
Sources
Uses 6
AbbreviationTangent bundle#
The tangent bundle to a manifold, as a Sigma type. Defined in terms of
Bundle.TotalSpace to be able to put a suitable topology on it.
TangentBundle.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E : Type u_2}
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (M : Type u_4) [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] :
Type (max u_4 u_2)
Sources
Uses 5 · Used by 5
DefinitionTangent map#
tangentMap I I' f is the derivative of f : M → M' as a map between the tangent bundles
TM and TM'.
tangentMap.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4, u_5, u_6, u_7} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{E : Type u_2} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {H : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace H]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) {M : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
{E' : Type u_5} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E'] {H' : Type u_6} [TopologicalSpace H']
(I' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E' H') {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H' M']
(f : M → M') : TangentBundle I M → TangentBundle I' M'
Sources
Uses 2
DefinitionPullback of vector fields#
The pullback of a vector field under a map between manifolds. If the derivative of the map is not invertible, then pullback is given the junk value zero.
VectorField.mpullback.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4, u_5, u_6, u_7} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H] {E : Type u_3} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) {M : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
{H' : Type u_5} [TopologicalSpace H'] {E' : Type u_6} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E']
(I' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E' H') {M' : Type u_7} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H' M']
(f : M → M') (V : (x : M') → TangentSpace I' x) (x : M) : TangentSpace I x
Sources
Uses 5 · Used by 1
DefinitionLie bracket of vector field#
The Lie bracket of two vector fields in a manifold.
VectorField.mlieBracket.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜]
{H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H] {E : Type u_3} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) {M : Type u_4} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
(V W : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x) (x₀ : M) : TangentSpace I x₀
Sources
Uses 1 · Used by 1
TheoremJacobi/Leibniz identity#
The Lie bracket of vector fields in manifolds satisfies the Leibniz identity
[U, [V, W]] = [[U, V], W] + [V, [U, W]] (also called Jacobi identity).
VectorField.leibniz_identity_mlieBracket.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1}
[NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H] {E : Type u_3}
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H} {M : Type u_4}
[TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] [IsManifold I (minSmoothness 𝕜 3) M] [CompleteSpace E]
{U V W : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x}
(hU : ContMDiff I I.tangent (minSmoothness 𝕜 2) fun x => ⟨x, U x⟩)
(hV : ContMDiff I I.tangent (minSmoothness 𝕜 2) fun x => ⟨x, V x⟩)
(hW : ContMDiff I I.tangent (minSmoothness 𝕜 2) fun x => ⟨x, W x⟩) :
VectorField.mlieBracket I U (VectorField.mlieBracket I V W) =
VectorField.mlieBracket I (VectorField.mlieBracket I U V) W +
VectorField.mlieBracket I V (VectorField.mlieBracket I U W)
Sources
Uses 11
DefinitionIntegral curves#
If v : M → TM is a vector field on M, IsMIntegralCurve γ v means γ : ℝ → M is a global
integral curve of v. That is, γ t is tangent to v (γ t) for all t : ℝ.
IsMIntegralCurve.{u_1, u_2, u_3} {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E]
{H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {M : Type u_3}
[TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] (γ : ℝ → M) (v : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x) : Prop
Sources
Uses 6 · Used by 1
TheoremLocal existence of integral curves#
Existence of local integral curves for a \(C^1\) vector field on a C^1 manifold without
boundary.
exists_isMIntegralCurveAt_of_contMDiffAt_boundaryless.{u_1, u_2, u_3} {E : Type u_1}
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {M : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
[IsManifold I 1 M] {v : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x} (t₀ : ℝ) {x₀ : M} [CompleteSpace E]
[BoundarylessManifold I M] (hv : ContMDiffAt I I.tangent 1 (fun x => ⟨x, v x⟩) x₀) :
∃ γ, γ t₀ = x₀ ∧ IsMIntegralCurveAt γ v t₀
Sources
TheoremUniform time existence#
If there exists ε > 0 such that the local integral curve at each point x : M is defined at
least on an open interval Ioo (-ε) ε, then every point on M has a global integral curve
passing through it.
See Lemma 9.15, [J.M. Lee (2012)][lee2012].
exists_isMIntegralCurve_of_isMIntegralCurveOn.{u_1, u_2, u_3} {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E]
[NormedSpace ℝ E] {H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H] {I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {M : Type u_3}
[TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] [IsManifold I 1 M] [T2Space M] [BoundarylessManifold I M]
{v : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x} (hv : ContMDiff I I.tangent 1 fun x => ⟨x, v x⟩) {ε : ℝ}
(hε : 0 < ε) (h : ∀ (x : M), ∃ γ, γ 0 = x ∧ IsMIntegralCurveOn γ v (Set.Ioo (-ε) ε)) (x : M) :
∃ γ, γ 0 = x ∧ IsMIntegralCurve γ v
Sources
Uses 9
TheoremUniqueness of integral curves#
Mathlib states this as isMIntegralCurveOn_Ioo_eqOn_of_contMDiff_boundaryless.
isMIntegralCurveOn_Ioo_eqOn_of_contMDiff_boundaryless.{u_1, u_2, u_3} {E : Type u_1}
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] {H : Type u_2} [TopologicalSpace H]
{I : ModelWithCorners ℝ E H} {M : Type u_3} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M]
[IsManifold I 1 M] {γ γ' : ℝ → M} {v : (x : M) → TangentSpace I x} {t₀ : ℝ} [T2Space M] {a b : ℝ}
[BoundarylessManifold I M] (ht₀ : t₀ ∈ Set.Ioo a b)
(hv : ContMDiff I I.tangent 1 fun x => ⟨x, v x⟩) (hγ : IsMIntegralCurveOn γ v (Set.Ioo a b))
(hγ' : IsMIntegralCurveOn γ' v (Set.Ioo a b)) (h : γ t₀ = γ' t₀) : Set.EqOn γ γ' (Set.Ioo a b)
Sources
Uses 10 · Used by 1
ClassLie group#
A (multiplicative) Lie group is a group and a C^n manifold at the same time in which
the multiplication and inverse operations are C^n.
LieGroup.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {H : Type u_2}
[TopologicalSpace H] {E : Type u_3} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (n : WithTop ℕ∞) (G : Type u_4) [Group G] [TopologicalSpace G]
[ChartedSpace H G] : Prop
Sources
Uses 2 · Used by 1
AbbreviationLie algebra of a Lie group#
The Lie algebra of a Lie group, i.e., its tangent space at the identity. We use the word
GroupLieAlgebra instead of LieAlgebra as the latter is taken as a generic class.
GroupLieAlgebra.{u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4} {𝕜 : Type u_1} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {H : Type u_2}
[TopologicalSpace H] {E : Type u_3} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E]
(I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (G : Type u_4) [TopologicalSpace G] [ChartedSpace H G] [Group G] :
Type u_3
Sources
Uses 5
TheoremSphere#
The unit sphere in an n + 1-dimensional inner product space E is an analytic manifold,
modelled on the Euclidean space of dimension n.
EuclideanSpace.instIsManifoldSphere.{u_1} {E : Type u_1} [NormedAddCommGroup E]
[InnerProductSpace ℝ E] {n : ℕ} [Fact (Module.finrank ℝ E = n + 1)] :
IsManifold (modelWithCornersSelf ℝ (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))) ⊤ ↑(Metric.sphere 0 1)
Sources
Loading dependency explorer…
The dependency explorer needs JavaScript and its graph data.